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  • Category: Drug-Nutrient interactions

Drug-nutrient interactions is not well-researched. We typically do not know mechanisms of action nor durations of negative impact. Further, there is no regulatory requirement FOR pharmaceutical impacts on nutritional factors to be included in the drug discovery process. This is surprising given the essentiality of nutrient in health status and the increasing importance being placed on pharmaceuticals to manage ill-health. If inadequate intake is excluded, then the 3 key likely mechanisms that pharmaceuticals can have on nutrient availability include –

  • impairment of intestinal and renal absorption and/or excretion;
  • impairment of and/or limited access to carriers in the blood.
  • occupation and/or inhibition of relevant membrane transporters. Membrane transporters provide shuttle bus services between intestine and blood, blood and cells, blood and kidneys, and kidneys and urine.
If blood tests are conducted during inhibition of the nutrient transporter and the substrate is stuck in the –
  • blood then the results are typically interpreted as excessive dietary intake, and the advice is to reduce intake;
  • cells then the results are interpreted as inadequate dietary intake, and a nutrient supplement is typically prescribed.
Example of direct effect. Amiodarone is a P-gp inhibitor (blocks the transporter function) and its substrates include vitamin D. By inhibiting P-gp transporter, amiodarone decreases vitamin D availability during the period of inhibition. Example of indirect effect. Pyridoxine transporter (THTR2) requires an acidic environment (pH 5.5) for absorption. It is likely an acid inhibitor changes absorption site acidity, and therefore THTR2 cannot facilitate pyridoxine absorption. Given the increasing prominence of prescribed medicines in managing health issues, the key drug-nutrient interactions issues we need to know about include which nutrients are negatively impacted, how are they impacted, and what are the best therapeutic management strategies to address that negative impact.

June 18, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and copper

Mechanisms and consequencesLevodopa + carbidopa and copper interactions are quite complex and not always apparent. The copper-iron and copper-zinc interactions ...

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May 13, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and iron interactions

Mechanisms and consequencesLevodopa + carbidopa and iron interactions are both complex and extensive. The theories for many of these interactions ...

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April 9, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and thiamine

Mechanisms and consequencesLevodopa + carbidopa and thiamine encompass a range of interactions that have significant consequences to Parkinson’s Disease (PD) ...

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March 18, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and vitamin C

Mechanisms and consequencesLevodopa + carbidopa and vitamin C encompass a range of interactions that include both direct and indirect mechanisms ...

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March 4, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and Vitamin D

Mechanisms and consequencesThe levodopa + carbidopa and vitamin D interaction is apparently additive however the evidence is limited. Given Parkinson’s ...

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February 19, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and zinc interactions

Mechanisms and consequencesLevodopa + carbidopa and zinc interactions are a surprisingly relatively recent finding. Levodopa is both a pharmaceutical and ...

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February 5, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa and manganese

Mechanisms and consequencesIs there evidence of a levodopa + carbidopa and manganese interaction? The total metal content and cellular compartmentalization of ...

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January 29, 2024

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Levodopa + carbidopa, magnesium and vitamin C

Mechanisms and consequencesThe levodopa + carbidopa, magnesium and vitamin C interaction has only recently gained recognition. Levodopa is commonly prescribed ...

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December 19, 2023

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Aspirin and various nutrients

Mechanisms and consequencesInteractions between aspirin and various nutrients have been identified over a number of decades and are either old, ...

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December 13, 2023

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Aspirin-folic acid interaction

Mechanisms and consequencesAn aspirin-folic acid interaction was a recent “incidental finding” from a pooled analysis of some studies looking at ...

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December 4, 2023

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Aspirin-vitamin C interactions

Mechanisms and consequencesThe aspirin-vitamin C interaction was discovered in the early 1970’s. The evidence is predominantly based on short term, ...

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March 13, 2023

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Metformin and vitamin B3

Mechanisms and consequencesThe mechanisms by which metformin exerts its effects are not fully understood and current concepts are currently being ...

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March 6, 2023

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Metformin and vitamin B6 – Update 2023

Mechanisms and consequencesAspects of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and pharmaconutrition have been written about in previous posts –Metformin & B6,Elevated pyridoxine ...

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February 27, 2023

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Metformin and vitamin D

Mechanisms and consequencesMetformin is a commonly prescribed first line intervention in NIDDM management and its mechanisms of action include decreased ...

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February 20, 2023

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Metformin & B12

Mechanisms and consequencesMetformin was developed and released in the late 1950’s and within a decade was identified as a cause ...

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February 14, 2023

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Metformin and folate

Mechanisms and consequencesIn many countries, metformin is the first prescribed therapeutic intervention for those diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Metformin ...

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February 6, 2023

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Metformin and riboflavin

Mechanisms and consequencesA throw-away comment in a relatively recent paper that metformin was associated with diminishing riboflavin(vitamin B2) status prompted ...

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January 30, 2023

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Metformin and thiamine

Mechanisms and consequencesMembrane transporters are steadily gaining recognition as important factors in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of many ...

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January 23, 2023

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Metformin and magnesium

Mechanisms and consequencesMetformin is the fourth most commonly prescribed medicine in the world therefore it’s negative impacts on nutritional factors ...

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November 21, 2022

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Warfarin and other nutrients

Mechanisms and consequencesWarfarin is an anticoagulant for which there is a well-known coagulation interaction with vitamin K however its interactions ...

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